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Shapefile
Shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system software. The shapefile format can spatially describe vector features: points, lines, and polygons, representing, for example, water wells, rivers, and lakes. Each item usually has attributes that describe it, such as name or temperature.
Table of contents
Quick overview
- Purpose: Geospatial vector data format: points, lines, and polygons.
- Data type: vector
- Type of format: GIS
- Multi-file format: Yes (ZIP)
- File type: binary
- File extension(s): .zip (.shp, .shx, .dbf, ...)
- Originally developed by: Esri (1998)
- Technical description/specification: Shapefile Technical Description
- License: Unknown
- Regulated by: Esri
- Status: de facto standard
- Sample file(s): ArcGIS Online public shapefiles
- Consumable by:
Introduction
It was originated to work with ArcView GIS product. It does not have the capacity to store topological information and the maximum allowed file size is restricted to 2GB (dbf). They do not handle the current life cycle of the creation, edition, version and archiving of data.
It is a multi-file format. The minimum number required is three and they have the following extensions:
- .shp: geometric entities of the objects.
- .shx: index of geometric entities.
- .dbf: it is the database, in dBASE format, where the information of the attributes of the objects is stored.
Optionally, you can include other types of files in relation to the map projection (.prj) or the metadata.
Additional documentation
- What is a shapefile? - ArcMap Documentation
- Shapefile - ArcGIS Online Documentation
- Shapefile - At Wikipedia
Tools
- add-shapefile-js: This ArcGIS JavaScript sample let's you navigate to a local .zip file add a shapefile to your web map. It uses the Portal API REST Generate method to create features that can be loaded into a web map application
Additional resources
Probably not all the resources are in this list, please use the ArcGIS Search tool looking for: "shapefile".